John Locke And John Stuart Mill s On Liberty Essay

Political philosophers over time have developed their own conceptions of liberty and the relationship of individuals to not only society, but also the state. Political philosophers such as, Aristotle and Plato have more of an ancient conception of liberty and the role the individual plays in society and to the state. Whereas, Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and John Stuart Mill have developed a more modernized conception of liberty and the role of the individual to the state and society. Plato’s work the Republic, and Aristotle’s works of literature Nicomachean Ethics, and Politics will be contrasted against Thomas Hobbes’ Leviathan, John Locke’s Second Treatise, and John Stuart Mill’s On Liberty. The literature works of the political philosophers mentioned previously will help convey the differences and similarities of liberty and the role of the individual to society. The, regularly occurring, theme of liberty has been stressed greatly in the works of political philosophers over time, ancient and modern. A definition of liberty can be said to be, â€Å"the freedom of people to enter and negotiate open exchanges freely.† Within liberty there is the option of individual choice. The notion of choice became a major difference between ancient political philosophers, such as Plato and Aristotle in comparison to modern political philosophers, such as Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and John Stuart Mill. According to, Benjamin Constant, â€Å"The liberty of the ancients consisted in carrying outShow MoreRelatedJohn Locke And John Stuart Mill s On Liberty Essay1200 Words   |  5 PagesPolitical Philosophers over time have developed their own conceptions of liberty and the relationship of individuals to not only society, but also the state. Political Philosophers such as, Aristotle and Plato have more of an ancient conception of liberty and the role the individual plays in society and to the state. Whereas, Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and John Stuart Mill have developed a more modernized conception of liberty and the role of the individual to the state and society. Plato’s work theRead MoreConflicting Visions of Freedom in John Stuart Mill’s On Liberty and John Locke’s The Second Treatise of Government1275 Words   |  6 PagesJohn Stuart Mill’s On Liberty and John Locke’s The Second Treatise of Government are influential literary works while which outlining the theoretical framework of each thinkers optimal state propose two conflicting visions of the very essence of man and his freedom. Locke and Mill have completely different views when it comes to how much freedom man should have in political society because they have obtained different views about man’s potential of inheriting pure or evil behavior. In chapter twoRead MoreTo What Extent Does Modern Liberalism Depart from Classical Liberalism1624 Words   |  7 Pagesfreedom in an essay published in 1958. Berlin proposed two concepts of liberty; positive, which is supported by modern liberalists, and negative, which is supported by classical liberals. The classical conception of negative liberty suggests that society is best when there is an absence of external restrictions or constraints on the individual. Therefore, classical liberals strongly supported full individual freedom. John Stuart Mill, a political philosopher known as the ‘father of classical liberalism’Read MoreThe Energy Cooperative1800 Words   |  8 Pagesam calling as a director of The Energy Cooperative.† The following paper will analyze the ethical issues surrounding the use of such a statement from five different ethical theories. These particular theories come from Immanuel Kant, John Stuart Mill, John Locke, John Rawls, and Lawrence Kohlberg. Finally, there will be a solution that the board should take with the issue, ethical, or otherwise. Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) had an ethical theory dubbed the Categorical Imperative. Within this theoryRead More2.1 The Birth Of Free Speech . It Is Difficult To Pinpoint1267 Words   |  6 Pagestried for corruption the morals of Greek youth and he said that he would rather be convicted than suffer restrictions on his free speech. Free speech became more developed during the Enlightenment period by scholars such as John Locke, Baruch Spinoza, Pierre Bayle and others. Locke claimed that â€Å"we are born free as we are born rational,† suggesting that the two are linked. Human beings are free in the state of nature, and they are essentially free in a well-formed civil society as well. The EnlightenmentRead MoreWhat Have Theorists Meant by Liberty? Essay example1589 Words   |  7 PagesLiberty is a value that each person in a democratic society takes for granted. Taking this value from us, would remove the opportunity for individuals to make their own choices in life. Libe rty is not a value that is constant throughout the various societies in the world, citizens of developed Western countries could be described has having considerably more liberty when compared with many of the less developed Arab nations. Theorists have studied the concept of liberty for centuries and thereRead MoreLiberalism, The Political Philosophy On Ideas Of Equality And Liberty1573 Words   |  7 PagesLiberalism Liberalism is the political philosophy on ideas of equality and liberty. Liberalisms focus is on the general ideas of fair elections by the people, civil rights, freedom of speech, freedom of religion, free trade, and private property. As with all things though, the way the idea of liberalism can viewed differ by each individual person and the trails they have gone through. Liberalism is no exception from this phenomenon and during the nineteenth Century there were many trails changingRead MoreThe Age Of Reason Or Known As The Enlightenment1189 Words   |  5 Pagesof the enlightenment thinkers, â€Å" believed in rationalism and trusted human reason to solve the many problems of life and society, and emphasized reason, science, and respect for humanity (69 Apush ).† Enlightenment thinkers adopted the ideas of John Locke, who, emphasized on natural rights. However, in the early nineteenth century Romantic Movement began in art and literature. This movement focused on intuiti on and individualism. Romantics of this era did not believe in organized institution, suchRead MoreCase Study on a Pastors Right to Freedom of Speech1570 Words   |  6 PagesThe pastor’s right to freedom of speech is justified by the harm principle and the necessity for truth in a democratic society. John Stuart Mill presents a liberal view for the defense of free speech in favour for the fullest liberty to debate (1978, 15). Yet, Mill’s harm principle states the government can rightfully interfere with the pastor’s freedom of expression under the condition to prevent harm to the homosexual community (pg. 9) One problem that emerges is the lack of a universal consensusRead MoreMy Understanding Of Philosophy And Philosophy1490 Words   |  6 PagesPecorino, Ch. 4, Sec. 2). Aristotle produced numerous works that greatly impacted the views of philosophy and are still used in today’s classes. Other philosophers that got me thinking throughout this course were John Stuart Mill, Jeremy Bentham, and John Locke. Both John Stuart Mill and Jeremy Bentham followed the works of Aristotle. Between the three of them, you begin to understand that the path to complete happiness is a long and hard one, but completely worth it in the end. â€Å"It seems obvious John Locke And John Stuart Mill s On Liberty Essay Political Philosophers over time have developed their own conceptions of liberty and the relationship of individuals to not only society, but also the state. Political Philosophers such as, Aristotle and Plato have more of an ancient conception of liberty and the role the individual plays in society and to the state. Whereas, Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and John Stuart Mill have developed a more modernized conception of liberty and the role of the individual to the state and society. Plato’s work the Republic, and Aristotle’s works of literature Nicomachean Ethics, and Politics will be contrasted against Thomas Hobbes’ Leviathan, John Locke’s Second Treatise, and John Stuart Mill’s On Liberty. The literature works of the Political Philosophers mentioned previously will help convey the differences and similarities of liberty and the role of the individual to society. The, regularly occurring, theme of liberty has been stressed greatly in the works of political philosophers over time, ancient and modern. A definition of liberty can be said to be, â€Å"the freedom of people to enter and negotiate open exchanges freely.† Within liberty there is choice. The notion of choice became a major difference between Ancient Political Philosophers, such as Plato and Aristotle in compared to Modern Political Philosophers, such as Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and John Stuart Mill. According to, Benjamin Constant, â€Å"The liberty of the ancients consisted in carrying out collectively but directlyShow MoreRelatedJohn Locke And John Stuart Mill s On Liberty Essay1748 Words   |  7 PagesPolitical philosophers over time have developed their own conceptions of liberty and the relationship of individuals to not only society, but also the state. Political philosophers such as, Aristotle and Plato have more of an ancient conception of liberty and the role the individual plays in society and to the state. Whereas, Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, a nd John Stuart Mill have developed a more modernized conception of liberty and the role of the individual to the state and society. Plato’s work theRead MoreConflicting Visions of Freedom in John Stuart Mill’s On Liberty and John Locke’s The Second Treatise of Government1275 Words   |  6 PagesJohn Stuart Mill’s On Liberty and John Locke’s The Second Treatise of Government are influential literary works while which outlining the theoretical framework of each thinkers optimal state propose two conflicting visions of the very essence of man and his freedom. Locke and Mill have completely different views when it comes to how much freedom man should have in political society because they have obtained different views about man’s potential of inheriting pure or evil behavior. In chapter twoRead MoreTo What Extent Does Modern Liberalism Depart from Classical Liberalism1624 Words   |  7 Pagesfreedom in an essay published in 1958. Berlin proposed two concepts of liberty; positive, which is supported by modern liberalists, and negative, which is supported by classical liberals. The classical conception of negative liberty suggests that society is best when there is an absence of external restrictions or constraints on the individual. Therefore, classical liberals strongly supported full individual freedom. John Stuart Mill, a political philosopher known as the ‘father of classical liberalism’Read MoreThe Energy Cooperative1800 Words   |  8 Pagesam calling as a director of The Energy Cooperative.† The following paper will analyze the ethical issues surrounding the use of such a statement from five different ethical theories. These particular theories come from Immanuel Kant, John Stuart Mill, John Locke, John Rawls, and Lawrence Kohlberg. Finally, there will be a solution that the board should take with the issue, ethical, or otherwise. Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) had an ethical theory dubbed the Categorical Imperative. Within this theoryRead More2.1 The Birth Of Free Speech . It Is Difficult To Pinpoint1267 Words   |  6 Pagestried for corruption the morals of Greek youth and he said that he would rather be convicted than suffer restrictions on his free speech. Free speech became more developed during the Enlightenment period by scholars such as John Locke, Baruch Spinoza, Pierre Bayle and others. Locke claimed that â€Å"we are born free as we are born rational,† suggesting that the two are linked. Human beings are free in the state of nature, and they are essentially free in a well-formed civil society as well. The EnlightenmentRead MoreWhat Have Theorists Meant by Liberty? Essay example1589 Words   |  7 PagesLiberty is a value that each person in a democratic society takes for granted. Taking this value from us, would remove the opportunity for individuals to make their own choices in life. Libe rty is not a value that is constant throughout the various societies in the world, citizens of developed Western countries could be described has having considerably more liberty when compared with many of the less developed Arab nations. Theorists have studied the concept of liberty for centuries and thereRead MoreLiberalism, The Political Philosophy On Ideas Of Equality And Liberty1573 Words   |  7 PagesLiberalism Liberalism is the political philosophy on ideas of equality and liberty. Liberalisms focus is on the general ideas of fair elections by the people, civil rights, freedom of speech, freedom of religion, free trade, and private property. As with all things though, the way the idea of liberalism can viewed differ by each individual person and the trails they have gone through. Liberalism is no exception from this phenomenon and during the nineteenth Century there were many trails changingRead MoreThe Age Of Reason Or Known As The Enlightenment1189 Words   |  5 Pagesof the enlightenment thinkers, â€Å" believed in rationalism and trusted human reason to solve the many problems of life and society, and emphasized reason, science, and respect for humanity (69 Apush ).† Enlightenment thinkers adopted the ideas of John Locke, who, emphasized on natural rights. However, in the early nineteenth century Romantic Movement began in art and literature. This movement focused on intuiti on and individualism. Romantics of this era did not believe in organized institution, suchRead MoreCase Study on a Pastors Right to Freedom of Speech1570 Words   |  6 PagesThe pastor’s right to freedom of speech is justified by the harm principle and the necessity for truth in a democratic society. John Stuart Mill presents a liberal view for the defense of free speech in favour for the fullest liberty to debate (1978, 15). Yet, Mill’s harm principle states the government can rightfully interfere with the pastor’s freedom of expression under the condition to prevent harm to the homosexual community (pg. 9) One problem that emerges is the lack of a universal consensusRead MoreMy Understanding Of Philosophy And Philosophy1490 Words   |  6 PagesPecorino, Ch. 4, Sec. 2). Aristotle produced numerous works that greatly impacted the views of philosophy and are still used in today’s classes. Other philosophers that got me thinking throughout this course were John Stuart Mill, Jeremy Bentham, and John Locke. Both John Stuart Mill and Jeremy Bentham followed the works of Aristotle. Between the three of them, you begin to understand that the path to complete happiness is a long and hard one, but completely worth it in the end. â€Å"It seems obvious

Relationship Between Managers Leadership Styles

There is growing concern about the financial stability of the college, due to the declining number of enrollments into college. In spite of recent training, that was provided to the admissions team, the team continues to struggle with enrollments, and the goals of the organization remain unmet. Over the past year, there has been a steady decrease in the number of enrollments into the college; which has negatively impacted our investors, student body, and employees’ alike. Recently, there have been multiple complaints filed by various employees with allegation of disrespect, unfair treatment, and reports of a hostile work environment, in the admission department.This research serves to examine the relationship between managers’ leadership†¦show more content†¦Furthermore, that the interpersonal style that a leader has is an important factor in what the effectiveness and organizational climate will be. It was determined that the captain was in the wrong and as a result was relieved of Duty, for cruelty and maltreatment of the unit. Toxic leadership has the ability to create great problems for an organization through the lack of concern for the well-being of others. Due to these findings, it is essential for this organization to implements new practices so that we can remain competitive, and grow. Accordingly, the transformational model of Kouzes and Posner (2012) provides leaders with practical guidance on how to lead, as well as practical steps to address challenges leaders are faced with. That being said, it is important for leaders to identify, and focus, on issues that exist in the organization, and align the vision of the organization with employees to easily transition into new practices (Goleman, Boyatzis, and McKee, 2002). According to Treasurer (2009), â€Å"great leaders demonstrate bold reasoned judgment, spirited but calculated risk taking, and a confident but never complacent behavioral disposition.† Leaders that lead b y example, also, have an extraordinary capacity to recognize strengths and weaknesses in their organization, and understand the importance of balancing them both. Recently, while attending a group meeting, some alarming behaviors were observed from team leaders ofShow MoreRelatedLeadership Style And Emotional Intelligence1734 Words   |  7 PagesLeadership Style and Emotional Intelligence Many organizations and groups are established each day, but only a few realize their dreams. Although many factors are responsible for the differences in success and failure of organizations, leadership is a prime factor. Leaders play a significant role in determining the success or failure of an organization. Management studies have attempted to understand leadership including defining the skills that a leader requires to become successful. EmotionalRead MoreLeadership Is Not A One Side Approach1392 Words   |  6 PagesLeadership is not a one side approach. One will be able to guide its team for challenging situations when the different leadership style are known. There are three known leadership styles that can be used to become more effective leader: autocratic leaders, democratic leaders, lalssez-faire leaders. However, one’s personal approach can be a blend to these, depending on one’s preferences, the needs of your people and the present situation. Also when the leadership framework is understood, one canRead MoreThe Importance Of Employee Relationship Management?1356 Words   |  6 Pagesimportance of employee relationship management by reviewing relevant literature and will highlight certain areas such as communications and leadership styles. This will help determine the best strategies to decrease the amount of turnovers in employment as well as retaining workers in a hospitality organisation. Employee relationship management is a term that covers a broad range of topics on the behaviour and interaction in the work place. This can span from relationships with workers to attractRead MoreSituational Leadership Theory1119 Words   |  5 PagesSituational Leadership Theory Since there is no special or one precise type of leader, numerous leadership styles and theories have surfaced. This is because a different situations require different type of leadership styles. In many occasions, leadership theories help to predict the best leadership style to employ in a particular situation. This essay seeks explain why situational leadership theory is useful and relevant in developing an effective leadership culture. It is this writers hope thatRead MoreLeadership Is A Good Leader And A Group1630 Words   |  7 PagesLeadership is a process that occurs between a leader and another individual; between the leader and a group. Or between a leader and an organization, on a community, or a society; and that influences others, often by inspiring enlivening, and engaging others to participate in the achievement of goals. Leadership is a subtle art and skill. It is based on inherent qualities of the individual and developed over time, through life events and experience s that range from significant to life altering. LeadershipRead MoreLeadership Styles Are Interconnected With Culture And Tradition Of An Organization?1066 Words   |  5 Pages2016 Ques-10 Describe how leadership styles are interconnected with culture and tradition of an organization? Answer - leadership can be defined as an art of motivating a group of people to act towards attaining a same goal. In other words, the process of encouraging and promoting others to work enthusiastically in achieving objectives. Leadership is a way for people to participate in making something extraordinary and different. Essence of leadership – ïÆ' ¼ Leadership actually means the power orRead MoreThe Importance Of Leadership As A Team Performance1034 Words   |  5 Pages3. Importance of leadership role in team performance Many people are wondering that if a leader equals to a manager. No, it is different. S. Slater wrote â€Å"A manger gets things done via planning and delegation. Tasks are assigned and results are obtained via others efforts. A leader gets things done by holding a vision, modeling behaviours and inspiring action.† (Author Stream) Although not all leaders are managers, all managers are leaders who always need leadership to manage. As a result, it isRead MoreRelationship Between Emotional Intelligence And Transformational Leadership Essay1514 Words   |  7 PagesPherwani (2003), the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and transformational leadership style was examined in order to determine whether EI scores could be used to predict transformational leadership style. In addition, gender differences in the relationship between EI and transformational leadership were examined to determine if there is a significant interaction of gender and emotional intelligence. Thi s research is important, because transformational leadership has been found to beRead MoreLeadership Is Not A One Side Approach1536 Words   |  7 Pages Leadership is not a one side approach. One will be able to guide its team for challenging situations when the different leadership styles are known. There are three known leadership styles that can be used to become a more effective leader: autocratic leaders, democratic leaders, lalssez-faire leaders. However, one’s personal approach can be a blend of these, depending on one’s preferences, the needs of your people and the present situation. Also when the leadership framework is understoodRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography And Outline. Malik, S. (2012). A1273 Words   |  6 PagesMalik, S. (2012). A Study of Relationship between Leader Behaviors and Subordinate Job Expectancies: A Path-Goal Approach. Pakistan Journal of Commerce Social Sciences, 6(2), 357-371. The quality of an organization s products and the performance of the managers are instrumental in the success of the organization. It is worth noting that the manager s leadership style has a fundamental relationship to an organization s success because the decision made by the managers determines the success or

Study of a Second Language Free Essays

Much debate has taken place over when foreign language education should begin in American schools. Currently, the majority of foreign language programs are ineffective and poorly organized. Programs would be most substantially improved if the instruction of foreign languages began in early elementary grades. We will write a custom essay sample on Study of a Second Language or any similar topic only for you Order Now Teaching foreign languages to American students at the elementary level would be truly beneficial for several reasons. Firstly, if the study of a second language were to begin in elementary grades, children would have more years to practice and learn the language. It is ridiculous that teenagers are expected to speak a foreign language fluently after two to four years of high school language classes. More time is needed to comprehend and absorb a language to the point where it can be spoken fluently. Therefore, it is necessary for foreign language education to begin much earlier than in high school. Furthermore, foreign language education would be much more effective if were taught at elementary grade levels because children are more likely to practice the language. They are less likely to feel uncomfortable speaking in a foreign language. Most children like having an extra ability and consider it a talent. Young children are also very competitive. Competitions over who has greater proficiency in a second language are likely to ensue in an elementary language class. Young children are also more likely to participate in activities that help one to learn a language such as singing songs and engaging in hypothetical dialogue. In contrast, high school students have a much harder time learning a second language. â€Å"Only three percent of American high school graduates reach a meaningful proficiency in a second language.† (Crawford 2) This astonishing statistic could be altered if foreign language education was mandated in all American elementary schools. High school students are met with great difficulty when attempting to learn a second language because they are much less passionate; they are not interested in learning another language after English has been mastered. Also, high school students are easily embarrassed. They do not participate in class for fear of making a mistake and feeling unintelligent. They also do not enjoy playing games and engaging in other silly activities that might help them learn a second language. Many believe that teaching young children a second language can be a threat to their general education. It is thought that a child’s mind can be clouded by an attempt to learn a second language. However, â€Å"psycholinguists have long since debunked the myth that bilingualism confuses the brain.† No valid negative effects can be traced to learning a foreign language at a young age. With foreign language education beginning at the elementary level, chances for the mastery of a second language are much higher. Children who learn a second language benefit greatly from the ability. They tend to be more cultured and are offered more scholastic and occupational opportunities. The quality of adult life for today’s children would be greatly improved if they were able to master a second language. However, this can only take place if foreign language education programs were altered in most American schools. It is imperative for the instruction of foreign languages to begin at the elementary level if greater opportunities for success are desired for America’s youth. How to cite Study of a Second Language, Papers

Pearl Final Exam free essay sample

This novel is not just a narrative about a native finding a precious jewel and who is overcome with fear, obsession and anger. This novel is a story of how a simple sense of greed can destroy a man’s morals, and view on what is really important. In The Pearl, the reader sees how the Europeans had a sense of control over the natives. The mind control that the Europeans had over the natives is very present. There are examples of the doctor in Kino’s community trying to swindle, manipulate, and mislead Kino. When the doctor learns of Kino’s pearl, he uses Coyotito’s sickness to try and take the pearl from them. Not knowing his son was actually fine, Kino allowed the doctor to try and make Coyotito feel â€Å"better†. However, in all actuality the doctor makes Coyotito more ill. The Europeans had this advantage over the natives. The natives were ignorant to what was true and what a form of mind control was. This sense of mind control the Europeans had over the natives led Kino to act differently than what he was acting prior to finding the pearl. The sense of fear was put into Kino and the sense of greed was coming out of him. Kino became disturbed. The pearl was separating him from his true self. In the very beginning of the novel, Kino hears the â€Å"Song of the Family. † The song is referring to the traditional values that were instilled in him before the Europeans came and replaced those traditional values with their own. When Kino found the pearl, his morals changed. He became more obsessed with the pearl than the safety of his family. Kino does not take heed of the feelings of the gods as he may once have done before finding the pearl. However, he keeps hearing a melody or sound whenever he feels that something is not right. He does not take heed of it, but he doesn’t completely ignore it. Kino felt anger whenever he hears the music. This music kept playing in his head reminding him of what was right the whole time. In a sense, this ultimately shows what greed can do to someone who is caught between doing what is morally right, and what he has been taught is right. Music was very important to Kino and his family. It gave a sense of their traditional culture that had been stripped away from their ancestors. Throughout the course of the novel John Steinbeck refers the music in Kino’s head the â€Å"Song of the Family† or the â€Å"music of the enemy†. On page 2, John Steinbeck describes Kino replaying the music of his ancestor’s in his head. He shows how they would make up song from anything that they had heard, seen or felt. Kino referred to this as the Song of the Family. When the Europeans came to the new world, they forced their culture on the natives. They stripped them of their tradition and values. However, Kino’s family still acquire their traditional values and they still use them. On page 5, John Steinbeck tells of Juana chanting the â€Å"ancient magic† of her ancestors along with the Hail Mary of the Europeans to save Coyotito from the scorpion. She was confused about which chant would save her child’s life because their ancestor’s traditional music chant was still instilled in them, but she had been force to accept the new tradition that had been brought by the Europeans. While searching for the pearl, he found a clam that contained the pearl. He was reluctant to pick that clam however because he didn’t want to receive bad luck from the gods because of greed of the pearl. When he picked up the clam that contained the pearl, it says that he heard the melody of his heartbeat of the maybe pearl. On page 19, he finally found the pearl. It says that Kino heard the melody of the pearl which was triumphant and beautiful. The melody of the maybe pearl gave him hope for a better life for his family. This is the same hope that he could have gotten from the traditional chants and songs of his ancestors. While having this pearl, Kino faces some adversaries. On page 27, the priest of their town comes to Kino when he learns that he has the pearl. The priest tells Kino that he is named from a great father of the church. He also goes on to tell Kino that he should give thanks to God for the pearl â€Å"I hope thou wilt remember to give thanks, my son, to Him who has given thee this treasure, and to for guidance in the future†. After the priest left, on page 28, it says that â€Å"he [Kino] was glancing about suspiciously, for the evil song was in his ears, shrilling against the music of the pearl. † Also, it says on page 34 that when the doctor had finished giving Coyotito the medicine for the scorpion bite that†. Now uncertainty was in Kino and the music of evil throbbed in his head and nearly drove out Juana’s song†. This shows that the music acted as a conscience for Kino. The music made him realize the cruel ways of the doctors and the priest. On page 90, when Kino and Juana had gotten rid of the pearl, it says that â€Å"the music of the pearl drifted into a whisper and disappeared. † Kino was not focused on the pearl. He was able to realize what was really important. The way that John Steinbeck was able to channel the sense of good and bad through the music compelled me. The music does not change my perception of Kino. I feel that anyone who has been belittled, disrespected and underestimated for so long and finally finds a way to better himself, would become obsessed with whatever that way may be. Nevertheless, it changes my perception of the natives and the Renaissance period as a whole. I feel that the music would affect each reader differently. The music has such a powerful role in the book that some readers might take if differently as others. The use of music in this novel gives you hope and morality. I feel that John Steinbeck uses music in a lot of different ways. I feel that he uses darkness and light as a symbol of good and bad. He portrays it the most through Kino. On page 1 it says that Kino awakened near the dark. I feel that this was a sign that Kino himself wasn’t aware of about the pearl. The pearl made Kino dark. He is so obsessed with the pearl that he is so blind to the fact that the pearl has changed all of his morals and values. In the beginning half of page 68, it describes the night as Kino, Juana and Coyotito are walking. It says that it was â€Å"so dark that any who moves about can be seen†. I took this as if this quote were describing Kino. Juana had a sense that the pearl was evil in the beginning. She wanted for Kino to get rid of it. Kino hit Juana because of this. I feel that Kino had changed his morals and values so much that it took him over as a person. Kino put his whole family in danger because of the pearl. There were trackers, merchants, and even his people were after them. However, his greed of the pearl didn’t allow him to see the effect of it. Page 83 tells of Kino taking off his white clothes. This was a sign of Kino’s final transformation from his old traditional and moral values. He was going to kill the trackers that were after his family. The finding of the pearl led up to all of this. Coyotitio was murdered because of the pearl. Essentially, Coyotito was murdered because of Kino’s transformation from his old tradition and values. John Steinbeck wanted the readers to see the contrast between light and dark both physically and morally. He uses the clothing and the description of the sky and the description of the shadows at the beginning of the book to give the readers a perspective about how the pearl affected Kino and his family. In the novel, the exploitation of the natives is obvious. The situation that they are put in shows their entrapment by the Europeans. On page 5 it shows how Juana sung a traditional chant and how she sung a Hail Mary also. She was confused and conflicted about how to save her son. I feel that this proves how the Europeans have the natives trapped. Juana can’t decide which method of religious chant to take. This serves as exploitation because it is a way that the Europeans have a control over the natives. The Europeans try to make the natives feel as if they are nothing by forcing their culture on them and getting rid of their own traditional culture. This is one way that the Europeans exploit the natives. Another way that John Steinbeck shows exploitation of the natives is the reference that he makes to animals. On page 31 it explains how the doctor gives Coyotito the medicine for the scorpion bite. The doctor puts the pill in the back of Coyotitio’s throat. This is how you give an animal a pill. On page 11, the doctor was talking to one of his servants about Coyotitio. The doctor referred to taking care of Coyotito as if he were taking care of an animal â€Å"[doctor] Have I nothing better to do than to cure insect bites for ‘little Indians’? â€Å"I am a doctor, not a veterinary. When Kino was being hunted by the trackers, this made him look animalistic. The trackers hunted him and stalked him until they got him at the right time and attacked. This is a way of exploiting the natives because it diminished Kino as a person and it diminished Kino’s race’s character as a people. It shows them being at the same level as animals. I feel that John Steinbeck was giving off the message greed that played a very important role with the pearl. The greed of the pearl was strong. The greed led to the disruption of the town, the transformation of Kino and how it affected his family and the ones around him, and the death of Coyotito. I feel that John Steinbeck was successful in getting this message across. There are many examples of how greed can lead up to and cause horrible things to happen. The examples are also viewed at from different perspectives. Although Kino wanted the best for his family, his greed for the pearl was far too great. The power of greed superseded the love for his family. In some ways the complexity of all of the characters propel the plot of the novel. They all played a role in showing the greed of the pearl. The way that the European characters tried to trick Kino for the pearl showed that they were greedy and disrespectful towards the natives. They were willing to do anything for that pearl and they did. Also, the way that Kino transformed made his character complex because he too was willing to do anything for that pearl. Kino’s transformation from good to bad created the complexity for his character. All of his actions lead up to his realization of the greed of the pearl at the end of the novel. After all of the times that he was attacked, he never gave up. He kept on protecting the pearl. However, by protecting that pearl he was going through a transformation. He did not go by his old morals. He went by new morals. This gave a complex to his character because this showed how the control of greed for the pearl affected his personality and his morals. The Europeans played complex characters in the novel. They tried to trick Kino out of his pearl by using their knowledge against him. Kino was illiterate and he did not know the information that was in the books. Kino wanted the pearl so that he could send Coyotito to school to learn of the information in the books. This is how the Europeans’ character was complex. The Europeans and the natives’ culture are very different from each other. John Steinbeck uses music and animals to describe the native’s culture and he uses tiny china cup and the pearl to describe the Europeans’ culture. Before the Europeans came to the land of the natives, the natives were intertwined with nature. They respected it. The natives respected the beauty of it. They became a part of it. Coyotito means little coyote. I believe that it is ironic how John Steinbeck made the natives seems intertwined with music, but made the term animal seem derogatory when he was describing the natives’ from the Europeans point of view. I believe he did this because again, he wanted to show the control that the Europeans had over the natives’ and how ignorant the natives’ were. However, I also feel that John Steinbeck uses symbols in the novel to show how the Europeans’ ways were evil as well. Throughout the novel, the pearl was almost like Kino’s guide. He only heard it whenever the Europeans would try to swindle him. The Europeans did not have that in the novel. I feel that this symbolizes how ignorant and how much of a mind control the Europeans had over the natives. The natives were never exposed to how much power and ability they had over the Europeans. I feel that John Steinbeck made such a contrast between the cultures because he wanted to point out the ignorance and strength of the natives. I believe that by showing this, he showed how much greed played a big role in the novel as well. Had Kino not been so obsessed with the pearl, I feel that he would have recognized the power that he and the natives had. This novel is not just a narrative about a native finding a precious jewel and becoming overcame with fear, obsession and anger. This novel is a story of how a simple sense of greed can destroy a man’s morals, and view on what is really important and how the sense of ignorance can tarnish a culture’s pride. In â€Å"The Pearl†, the reader sees how the Europeans have a sense of control over the natives. The mind control that the Europeans have over the natives is very present. There are examples of the doctor in Kino’s community tried to swindle, manipulate, and mislead Kino. When the doctor learns of Kino having the pearl, he uses Coyotito’s sickness to try and take the pearl from Kino. Not knowing the son was actually fine, Kino allowed the doctor to try and make Coyotito feel â€Å"better. † However, in all actuality the doctor makes Coyotito more ill. The Europeans had this advantage of the natives. The natives were ignorant to what was true and what a form of mind control was. This led Kino to act differently than how he was acting prior to finding the pearl. The sense of fear was put into Kino and the sense of greed was coming out of him. Also, the music that was being play in Kino’s head was changing and turning in to evil. In the very beginning of the novel, Kino hears the â€Å"Song of the Family†. This song is referring to the traditional values that were instilled in him before the Europeans came and replaced those rational values with their own. When Kino has the pearl, his morals change. He is more obsessed with the pearl than the safety of his family. Kino does not take hed to the feelings of the gods as he once did before finding the pearl. Kino put so much faith in the pearl that he did not even think of how the gods would feel about his obsession of it. However, he keeps hearing a melody or sound whenever he feels that something is not right. He does not take head to it, but he doesn’t ignore it. Kino feels anger whenever he hears the music. This music keeps playing in his head to remind him of what was right the whole time. In a sense, this ultimately shows what greed can do to someone who is caught between doing what is morally right, and what he has been taught is right.